Mixing-valve for internal-combustion engines.



P. D. JOHNSTON.

MIXING VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 7, 1906.

Patented Jan.31, 1911.

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. In V611 tor I Attorneys Witnesses P. D. JOHNSTON.

MIXING VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 7, 190a.

982,826. Patented Jan.31,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I NWitness'es:

A ttor'nezs.

UNITED STATES rArENT OFFICE.

rmmr' nnvnnnnx JOHNSTON, orcoLn SPRING, NEW YORK, ASSiGNOR TO AMERICAN H OIL ENGINE coMrANr, A CORPORATION on NEW YORK.

.iiixiNe-vnvn m INTERNAL-concession ENGINES.

5 Putnam and State of New Yort, have iu-' vented a certain new and useful Improvement. in Mixing-Valves for Internal-Conn. bastion Engines, of wluch the following is a description. v The objects I have in view are the production of amixing valve which will be superior-in detailand general design to those heretofore-made.

' The invention is particularly adapted for use in connection withinternal combustion engines using heavy oils which are mixed with air and water before into the cylinder.

I attain the objects of" my invention by 0 themechamsm illustrated in the -acco1npanying drawings, in which- 'Figure 1 represents a longitudinal view partly in section of a mixing valve embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 a horizontal 5 sectional view taken on the line 2- 2 of In both the several views like parts are designated by the'same reference characters. In carrying outmy invention I provide a O valve body 1, which is adapted to be attached to the cylinder Oncombusticn chamber 1 of the engine-to permit the retort 2 to extend therein. The body 1 of the valve has a hollow mixing chamber 3 therein, in which extend the nozzles 4, 5 of the oil and water jets respectively. These nozzles are showu' as alike, and each is fo'rn'ied jot a plug having a cent 'al opening and-a flange, the flange be:'iring against the bottom of a chamber (3 which conuuunicates with the mixing chamher 3 by a circular opening .of such a size as to make a close fit with the body of the valve pin". The plug is held in position by means 5 of a bonnet 7 which is screwed intothe openmg in the chamber 6 and has an annular extension 8' which rests upon the plug and holds it in position. The annular extension is provided with holes, asshown. to permitcouunuuication' between the inside of the extension and the outside thereof. A pipe fo admitting oil or water is shown at 9 in dotted lines and communicateswith' the opening in the chamber (3, permitting the liquid ,to pass through the openings in the annular extension 8 to the center thereof and from there througlrthe nozzle. A needle Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed July 7, 1906. Serial No. 325,114.

being introduced Patented Jan. 31, 1911.

valve 10 for each of the oil and water nozzles .is adapted to control the size of the opening of the nozzle. The stem of this needle valve )asses through the bonnet, and can be moved inwardand outward to regulate the flow of liquid through the nozzle. A suitable pack mg is shown for preventing leakage outv'vard. Theyalves for controlling the supply of oil and water may be operated by hand, or may be connected through suitable mechanism to the governor, so that the richness or-quantit-yof the mixture may be automatically determined ,in accordance with the load. The orifices of the oil and water nozzles are shown as opposed to each other, so that they will discharge their respective streams of oil and water directly against each other. y a

The 'air nozzle 11 is arranged at right angles to the other'two nozzles and at an 'angle to the center line of the mixing valve.

This nozzle is shown as being screwed into the body 1, and as having a controlling valve 12 for varying the extentof opening of the nozzle.' The connection with the source of air supply is shown at 13.. A suitable packing 1s provided for preventing leakage around the stem of the valve.

The cutoff valv e.1-t is of the mushroom type, and is adapted to control communication between the mixing chamber 3 and the retort 2. This'valve is carried by a bonnet 15 which is screwed into an opening in the body 1 of the valve so as to permit the stem of the valve to extend outward, a suitable packing being provided to prevent leakage. The valve stem is iu'liuegvith the center lineof the mixing valve and the retort. The ar-.

rangement of the valve stem and air'nozzle is such that-neither is in the ivay of the other. The bonnet 15 has a projecting portion 15 which extends, into the mixing chamber. This projecting portion is of less diameter than the bonnet. and is shown as tapering toward the valve head. Thisex-' tension provides a long bearing for the stem of the valve without reducing the. size of the nnxmg chamber, it. being seen that the sides of the projection 15. The projection to some extent also serves the purpose otchamber, toward the exit thereof. The stem of -the valveis provided with an extended head 16 having .a' slottherein in 10s mixing chamber extends below and on both which works a bell-crank lever 17. This bell-crank lever is pivoted to an extension 18 attached tothe bottom of the valve body 1,

The other end of the bell-crank lever'is counccted to suitable mechanism to actuate the valve at the proper period in the sequence oi operation of the engine, so that the cutoff valve will be closed and opened at the proper. time. The valve is opened by the movement oflhe bell-crank lever and may be closed by the movement of such lever, but

I prefer to use in addition a spring 19 which will al'wa -'s insure the closing of the valve.

-()ne'e ncl of this spring engages. with a washer 30 which is connected to the extension-16,- and the other end of the spring abuts against a frame 21 which is connected to the valve body 1. This frame 21 has an opening therein, through whichthe extension 16. passes and which serves as a'guide thcretor.

Theretort 2 is shown in the formof a simple length of tubing'which will extend into the combustion chamber and be kept in a sufliciently hot. condition by the hot gases I therein'to complete the vaporization-of the mixture of oil, air and water. A screwplug 22 covers an opening in the top of the mixing chamber 3 to permit access thereto. By' removing the bonnets 7, 7, the oil and water nozzles may be readily .removed for examination or repairl The air nozzle-may be removed by simply unscrewing it, and the cu'tofl' valve may be taken out by unscrewing it from the extension 16 and passing itj out through the retort 2. If desired, thebonnet 15 may be then removed and the mixing.

chamber thereby exposed from all sides.

In operation, oil'and water are injected into the mixing chamber through their re spectivc nozzles, by means of a positivelyacting puinp or other means, at the proper time, the two streams meeting in the,center ofthemixing chamber, where theoil and water are thoroughly mixed andffinely (1i;

' vided; at the-same time air under pressure passes out of the air nozzle and strikes the jets of oil and water at a right angle, which completes the mixture and drives the mixture of air, oil and water out; of the mixing chamber into theretort, the cutoff valve 14 being open at this time. During the compress-ion stroke of the engine and at the proper point of time, the valve 14 is closed by the movement of the bell-crank lever 17, and at the same time the supply of oil and water ceases by the timing'of the respective pumps, due to their actuatin mechanism, which is made in the usua manner for this purpose. During the com pression stroke, the cutofi'v'alve 14 will remain seated, and none of the products of combustion will. be driven into the mixing chamber.

The form of valve shown is superior'to the mixingchamber.

a slide valve, in that it will not choke or be caked up by deposit. It also has the advantage that it will resist back pressure without sticking. A still greater advantage lies, however, in the present situation that'70' it acts tosome exteni as avaporizer, the mixture from the chamber 3 passing out around the edges of the valve in an annular stream, where it,.is more readily; acted upon I claim as new is:

1. The combination with- "a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, of a mixing valve having a body with a mixing chamber therein, oil and water noz'zlesopposed to each other and" directed into the chamber, an air nozzle at right angles to the other nozzles, outletfrom the mixing chamber to the combustion chamber, sa idjai outlet bemgat an angle to the air nozzlts, and a mushroom valve controlling com f-f municationbetween the mixing chamber and the outlet,'s aid valve having its stcminlinia with the center axis of the outlet and .ex-lOQ tending outside of the mixing chamber.

In a mixing valve for internal com-1', bustion engines, the combmatlou of a body having a mixing chamber'therein, 'oil' and water nozzles opposed to each other and di- I rected into the chamber, an air nozzle at right angles to the other nozzles, a retort .at an angle to theair nozzle, and apm'uslh room valve controlling communication lie-f A tween the mixing chamber and'the rctort"1-10 and having its stemin line with the center. axis of the retort and extending outside, of i 3. A mixing valve having a'mixing cham ber in which the charge is mixed, a retort 11 5- outside of the chamber, 'a 1 1da mushroom valve connectmg the two, means for. introducing .the-- charge into the chamber, and" 'against the valve, whereby the valve will close connectionbetween the retortand the 12d mixing chamber andwill also assistthe mix- -of the charge, anddirect it against" the sides Of the'retort...

This specificationsigned and witnessed i this 3rd day of'July, 1906.

mm DEVEREUX Jouasron, I Witnessesz. if 2 L ONARD H. Dyna, -AUG. LoNc. 

